Burk J R, Bahar D, Wolf F S, Greene J, Bailey W C
South Med J. 1978 Jan;71(1):7-10. doi: 10.1097/00007611-197801000-00004.
Newborn infants are thought to be particularly susceptible to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the possibility of exposure to unrecognized clinical tuberculosis in nursery and hospital personnel is ever present. To reduce this possibility, periodic skin testing of hospital personnel is often carried out, and tuberculin-positive personnel are given preventive treatment with isoniazid (INH). Also, environmental controls, such as ultraviolet light and periodic air exchange, are used. The efficacy of these measures has not been fully established. A nursery supervisor with smear- and culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis and a productive cough exposed 528 newborns over a three-month period before her disease was diagnosed. All 514 infants available for skin testing at approximately 3 months of age had negative skin tests. None received isoniazid preventive treatment. The nursery rooms all had ultraviolet lighting mounted above eye level. Calculated air changes per hour with positive pressure ventilation of fresh air ranged from 12 to 18. The hospital did not regularly test employees for tuberculosis. Periodic tuberculin testing of hospital personnel with preventive treatment of reactors presumably would have prevented this exposure.
新生儿被认为特别容易感染结核分枝杆菌，而且在托儿所和医院工作人员中存在接触未被识别的临床结核病的可能性。为降低这种可能性，医院工作人员经常进行定期皮肤测试，结核菌素呈阳性的人员会接受异烟肼（INH）预防性治疗。此外，还采用了环境控制措施，如紫外线和定期空气交换。这些措施的效果尚未完全确立。一名患有涂片和培养阳性肺结核且有咳痰的托儿所主管，在其疾病被诊断前的三个月内接触了528名新生儿。所有514名约3个月大时可进行皮肤测试的婴儿皮肤测试均为阴性。没有婴儿接受异烟肼预防性治疗。托儿所房间的紫外线灯都安装在眼睛水平以上。通过新鲜空气正压通风计算出的每小时换气次数在12至18次之间。该医院没有定期对员工进行结核病检测。对医院工作人员进行定期结核菌素检测并对反应者进行预防性治疗可能会避免这种接触。
