Ribitol and flavinogenesis in Eremothecium ashbyii.

1. Supplementation of cultures of Eremothecium ashbyii with ribitol leads to a twofold increase in riboflavin formation compared with unsupplemented cultures or those supplemented with ribose or ribulose phosphate. Addition of unlabelled ribitol decreases the incorporation of [1-(14)C]ribose into riboflavin, indicating that free ribitol is preferred to ribose for incorporation into riboflavin. 2. The enzymes ribitol kinase, d-ribose reductase, d-ribose 5'-phosphatase and GMP nucleosidase were demonstrated in the cell-free extracts. Ribitol induces the formation of ribitol kinase. The enzyme is activated in vitro by the flavinogenic purines, guanine and xanthine. d-Ribose reductase shows a specific requirement for NADPH and forms free ribitol from ribose. 3. The activities of ribitol kinase, ribose 5'-phosphatase and GMP nucleosidase reach their maximal values before riboflavin formation reaches a maximum. 4. [U-(14)C]GMP is taken up intact by the culture of E. ashbyii and is incorporated into riboflavin as well as into a blue fluorescent compound. The radioactivity from this compound is incorporated into riboflavin by the cell-free extract of E. ashbyii.