Dapkus D, Merrell D J
Genetics. 1977 Dec;87(4):685-97. doi: 10.1093/genetics/87.4.685.
The genetic basis of DDT-resistance was studied in a population of Drosophila melanogaster. This population was unique in that it had been continually selected for DDT-resistance since 1952 and had achieved a very high level of resistance. The genetic basis of resistance was studied by means of a chromosomal analysis. Fifteen combinations of resistant and control chromosomes were tested using a time-based DDT test. The analysis of the data showed that resistance was multifactorial with each of the three major chromosomes involved. Dominant and recessive second and third chromosome effects were found to be much more important than those of the first chromosome, which had no detectable recessive effects. Second and third chromosome resistance genes showed incomplete dominance. The average dominance of the second chromosome was much less than that of the third chromosome. These large-scale differences between chromosomes' effects and average dominance may indicate that a small number of resistance genes are involved. Two significant interactions between chromosomes were found. Scaling difficulties make the interactions difficult to interpret without further data. It seems possible that positive interactions between resistance have been developed by the long-term directional selection in this population.
在一群黑腹果蝇中研究了对滴滴涕抗性的遗传基础。这群果蝇很独特，因为自1952年以来它一直被持续选择以获得对滴滴涕的抗性，并且已经达到了非常高的抗性水平。通过染色体分析来研究抗性的遗传基础。使用基于时间的滴滴涕测试对15种抗性和对照染色体的组合进行了测试。数据分析表明，抗性是多因素的，涉及三条主要染色体中的每一条。发现第二和第三条染色体的显性和隐性效应比第一条染色体的效应重要得多，第一条染色体没有可检测到的隐性效应。第二和第三条染色体抗性基因表现出不完全显性。第二条染色体的平均显性远低于第三条染色体。染色体效应和平均显性之间的这些大规模差异可能表明涉及少数抗性基因。发现了染色体之间的两个显著相互作用。由于尺度问题，在没有进一步数据的情况下难以解释这些相互作用。在这个种群中，长期的定向选择似乎有可能产生了抗性之间的正相互作用。
