Federlin K
Immun Infekt. 1978 Feb;6(1):15-27.
The gastrointestinal tract is replete with immunocompetent tissue represented by appendix, Peyer's patches and nonaggregated lymphocytes in the intestinal epithelium. This local immune system plays a vital role in the physiologic immune response and in the control of food, drug, microbial or viral antigens. Under certain situations this lymphoid tissue may contribute to the immunological reactions underlying the pathogenesis of various diseases. Generalised deficiencies of the immune apparatus frequently give rise to disturbances of gastrointestinal function. Furthermore plenty of immune reactions occurring in connection with human inflammatory bowel disease have been described. Some immunologic features are reported as typical for a disease, the majority seems to indicate only nonspecific autoimmune reactions. The relevance of immunological mechanisms for the pathogenesis of these diseases is still not full evaluated.
胃肠道充满了具有免疫活性的组织，如阑尾、派尔集合淋巴结以及肠上皮中的散在淋巴细胞。这种局部免疫系统在生理免疫反应以及食物、药物、微生物或病毒抗原的控制中起着至关重要的作用。在某些情况下，这种淋巴组织可能会促成各种疾病发病机制背后的免疫反应。免疫器官的全身性缺陷常常导致胃肠功能紊乱。此外，已经描述了许多与人类炎症性肠病相关的免疫反应。一些免疫特征被报道为某种疾病的典型特征，而大多数似乎仅表明非特异性自身免疫反应。免疫机制在这些疾病发病机制中的相关性仍未得到充分评估。
