Kresse H
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1978 May 12;90(10):325-32.
Lysosomal hydrolases participate substantially in the degradation of all classes of biological macromolecules. They act physiologically within the lysosome. The enzymes are either primarily included within primary lysosomes or are transported to these cell organelles after secretion and subsequent adsorptive pinocytosis. The involvement of these enzymes in a variety of pathological conditions can be understood on the basis of the known functions of lysosomal hydrolases. Inactivity of one or several of the enzymes causes lysosomal storage disorders. Similar metabolic consequences are found when the enzymes are unable to be concentrated within the lysosome. Lysosomal hydrolases participate, furthermore, in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. A distinction can be made between lysosomal overload, pathologically-increased enzyme secretion into the extracellular space, and a release of lysosomal enzymes into the cytosol.
溶酶体水解酶在各类生物大分子的降解过程中发挥着重要作用。它们在溶酶体内发挥生理功能。这些酶要么主要包含在初级溶酶体中,要么在分泌及随后的吸附性胞饮作用后被转运至这些细胞器。基于溶酶体水解酶的已知功能,可理解这些酶在多种病理状况中的作用。一种或多种酶的失活会导致溶酶体贮积症。当这些酶无法在溶酶体内浓缩时,也会出现类似的代谢后果。此外,溶酶体水解酶还参与众多疾病的发病机制。可区分出溶酶体过载、病理性增加的酶分泌至细胞外空间以及溶酶体酶释放至细胞质溶胶等情况。