Riley J, James J L, Banaja A A
Parasitology. 1979 Feb;78(1):53-66. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000048587.
The frontal and sub-parietal glands of the pentastomid Reighardia sternae elaborate lamellate secretion which is poured on to the cuticle. The entire surface of the cuticle, including the mouth, hook pits and reproductive apertures, is coated with secretion. Electron microscope studies indicate that the glands are continuously active, which implies a turnover of surface membranes. The postulated function of these membranes is to protect certain vital areas of the host--parasite interface, notably the pores of ion-transporting cells, from the host immune response. The available evidence suggests that pentastomids do evoke a strong immune response but since most are long-lived they must circumvent it. We believe the surface membrane system to be instrumental in this. Studies on another pentastomid, Porocephalus crotali in rats have shown that an immune response stimulated by a primary infection will kill subsequent infections and that the surface membranes are strongly immunogenic. Obvious parallels between this situation and that of schistosome infections in mammals are discussed. An alternative explantation of concomitant immunity is proposed.
舌形喉兽头虫的额腺和顶下腺分泌片状分泌物，并将其倾注于角质层上。角质层的整个表面，包括口、钩坑和生殖孔，都覆盖着分泌物。电子显微镜研究表明，这些腺体持续活跃，这意味着表面膜的更新。这些膜的假定功能是保护宿主 - 寄生虫界面的某些关键区域，特别是离子转运细胞的孔，免受宿主免疫反应的影响。现有证据表明，五口虫确实会引发强烈的免疫反应，但由于大多数五口虫寿命很长，它们必须规避这种反应。我们认为表面膜系统在这方面发挥了作用。对大鼠体内另一种五口虫——响尾蛇多孔头虫的研究表明，初次感染刺激产生的免疫反应会杀死后续感染，并且表面膜具有很强的免疫原性。文中讨论了这种情况与哺乳动物血吸虫感染情况之间明显的相似之处。本文还提出了伴随免疫的另一种解释。
