[Therapeutic recommendations in idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax].

The treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax is still controversial. To evaluate pleural drainage with a chest tube the therapeutic results in 73 patients with benign pneumothorax were reviewed. Benign spontaneous pneumothorax treated with a thick chest tube size Charrière 18-22 disappeared within an average of only 6.6 days. On the other hand, the high recurrence rate of 24% after the initial pneumothorax and 37% after the first recurrence is comparable with the results of conservative management in other pneumothorax series in the literature. Small pneumothorax without severe symptoms should therefore be supervised conservatively on an outpatient basis. The more extended forms of pneumothorax should be treated with thick chest tubes. Failure of therapeutic effect, second ipsilateral relapse or the first contralateral pneumothorax are indications for parietal pleurectomy.