Retinohypothalamic tract development: alteration by suprachiasmatic lesions in the neonatal rat.

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the terminal nucleus of the retinohypothalamic (RH) tract, was ablated electrolytically in 2-day-old rats. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the earliest retinal fibers arrive on postnatal day 3 to 4 (refs. 4, 17), the lesions were inflicted prior to the formation of retinal connections. At day 25, [3H]proline was injected into the eye and autoradiography performed to determine if developing RH fibers would exhibit plasticity and innervate any hypothalamic nucleus other than the SCN. No evidence was found for the formation of anomalous retinal connections after complete, bilateral SCN lesions. Incomplete lesions, however, result in some alteration in the distribution of retinal fibers to the SCN. If a part of the caudal three-quarters of the SCN remains, RH projections form in a pattern dependent upon the size and location of the intact SCN fragment. These results indicate a high degree of specificity in developing RH fibers for their normal target tissue and a minimal capacity for plasticity in contrast with the various forms of neuronal reorganization observed after early destruction of other components of the visual system.