Shurin P A, Pelton S I, Donner A, Klein J O
N Engl J Med. 1979 May 17;300(20):1121-3. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197905173002001.
We observed the frequent occurrence of persistent middle-ear effusion in children with acute otitis media and followed them according to standard procedures for otologic diagnosis. We performed a life-table analysis to identify risk factors for such persistent disease. Sixty-two patients were free of middle-ear effusion at one or more clinic visits two to 13 weeks after presentation and were considered cured; 45 had effusion at all clinic visits during this period and were defined as having persistent effusion. The life-table analysis showed that the relative risk for persistence was 3.8 times higher in children less than 24 months of age as compared with children 24 months of age or older (P less than 0.001) and that this risk was 2.8 times greater for white as compared with black children (P less than 0.01). Other factors examined were not identified as significant risk factors. Persistent middle-ear effusion may be associated with impaired hearing and appears to be the most important sequela of otitis media.
我们观察到急性中耳炎患儿中持续性中耳积液频繁出现，并按照耳科诊断的标准程序对他们进行随访。我们进行了寿命表分析以确定这种持续性疾病的危险因素。62例患者在就诊后2至13周的一次或多次门诊就诊时无中耳积液，被视为治愈；45例在此期间的所有门诊就诊时均有积液，被定义为有持续性积液。寿命表分析显示，与24个月及以上的儿童相比，24个月以下的儿童持续性积液的相对风险高3.8倍（P<0.001），并且白人儿童的这种风险比黑人儿童大2.8倍（P<0.01）。所检查的其他因素未被确定为显著的危险因素。持续性中耳积液可能与听力受损有关，似乎是中耳炎最重要的后遗症。
