Psychomotor epilepsy and psychosis. III. Social and psychological correlates.

In a controlled investigation of paranoid hallucinatory chronic or episodic epileptic psychoses, the social data, psychopathological symptoms and the psychological test findings (WAIS, Rorschach, object-sorting, proverb-interpretation and the Stroop test) were analyzed in order to delineate the characteristics of the psychotic syndrome and to evaluate the significance of organic etiological factors. The study comprised 45 patients with complex partial epilepsy followed by psychosis after median 23 years, and 34 control patients with the same type of epilepsy of median 30 years' duration. Among the psychotic symptoms, simple, mostly empathizable persecutory delusions and auditory hallucinations predominated. The affect tended to remain appropiate, and autistic traits were uncommon. In accordance with this finding of a relatively circumscribed psychotic personality disturbance, psychotic test indicators were infrequent in the psychological tests, the Rorschach test 28%, and the object-sorting test 18% of the cases. The poorer test performances in the WAIS and the Stroop tests, and the preponderance of organic Rorschach test signs in the psychotic group indicate that organic cerebral damage is of etiological significance in paranoid epileptic psychosis.