Characteristics of sodium flux from serosa to mucosa in rabbit ileum.

Sodium flux from serosa to mucosa, J(sm) (Na) in rabbit ileum in vitro has been studied as a function of applied electrical potential at equal sodium concentrations in the bathing solutions. The results indicate that J(sm) (Na) involves two pathways, a diffusional flux through a paracellular shunt pathway and a flux that is independent of applied potential and presumably involves a transcellular pathway. The latter pathway comprises approximately 25 % of J(sm) (Na) in Ringer's solution containing 10 mM glucose and 25 mM bicarbonate. It is stimulated significantly by theophylline unaffected by removal of glucose or addition of ouabain but is reduced to negligible values by anoxia, dinitrophenol, and replacement of all chloride and bicarbonate by isethionate. Thus this component of J(sm) (Na) has a number of characteristics consistent with involvement in a specific secretory process mediating an electrically neutral secretory transport of sodium plus anion from serosa to mucosa. In addition to stimulating this process, theophylline significantly reduced the permeability of the paracellular shunt pathway to sodium.