Peckham C S, Gardiner P A, Tibbenham A
Br Med J. 1979 Apr 28;1(6171):1111-3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6171.1111.
Vision screening was performed in over 11 000 16-year-olds who were taking part in the National Child Development Study. For distance vision 75% had normal acuity, 9% a minor defect, and 16% a more severe unilateral or bilateral defect. For near vision 85% had normal vision, 8% a minor defect, and 7% a unilateral or bilateral defect. Few children (62) with normal distant vision had defects in near vision, though many more (607) had both poor distant vision and poor near vision. Vision defects were more common in girls than in boys and occurred more often in adolescents from non-manual than manual families. Athough 18% of children had been prescribed glasses for current use, a third did not have their glasses available at the examination: 27% of the children prescribed glasses had normal unaided distant visual acuity or only a minor defect, and they constituted 42% of those who were not wearing their glasses. Further investigation is needed into the criteria on which glasses are prescribed for children and into the reasons for which they are not worn.
对超过11000名参与全国儿童发展研究的16岁青少年进行了视力筛查。对于远视力，75%的人视力正常，9%有轻微缺陷，16%有更严重的单侧或双侧缺陷。对于近视力，85%的人视力正常，8%有轻微缺陷，7%有单侧或双侧缺陷。远视力正常的儿童中很少（62人）有近视力缺陷，不过有更多（607人）远视力和近视力都差。视力缺陷在女孩中比在男孩中更常见，并且在非体力劳动者家庭的青少年中比在体力劳动者家庭的青少年中更常出现。虽然18%的儿童已被开了眼镜供当前使用，但三分之一的儿童在检查时没有戴眼镜：在被开眼镜的儿童中，27%的人裸眼远视力正常或只有轻微缺陷，他们占未戴眼镜儿童的42%。需要进一步调查为儿童开眼镜的标准以及他们不戴眼镜的原因。
