Glutamate potential : differences from the excitatory junctional potential revealed by diltiazem and concanavalin A in crayfish neuromuscular junction.

1. The effect of diltiazem and concanavalin A (Con A) on the crayfish neuromuscular junction was investigated in order to compare the action of L-glutamate with that of the excitatory transmitter. 2. When diltiazem (0.3 nM) was added to the perfusion fluid, the iontophoretic glutamate potential was reduced to about half, whereas the amplitude of excitatory junctional potentials (EJPs) increased by about two times. 3. Dose-response curves of L-glutamate suggested that diltiazem acted in a non-competitive manner. The decrease in amplitude of the glutamate potential caused by diltiazem was not due to the acceleration of desensitization of the glutamate receptor. 4. The increase in amplitude of EJPs caused by diltiazem was due to the increase in membrane resistance. The quantal content and size of extracellular EJPs were not affected by diltiazem. 5. In normal saline, bath application of glutamate decreased the amplitude of both glutamate potentials and EJPs because of desensitization of the glutamate receptor. The decrease in amplitude of the glutamate potential was completely prevented by previous application of Con A (10(-6) M). On the other hand, Con A had no influence on the decrease in amplitude of EJPs. 6. Some possible explanations of these pharmacological differences between glutamate potentials and EJPs revealed by diltiazem and Con A are considered.