Wouterlood F G, van Pelt W
J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1979 Jan;49:61-72.
The effect of removal of the lower beak on the development of the interorbital septumprenasal process (ISPP) complex was studied in chick embryos. In normal development the angle between the ventral contour of the interorbital septum and the long axis of the prenasal process increases. At the same time the angle between the ventral contour of the interorbital septum and the basal plate increases. After surgical removal of the prospective lower beak at stage 29, the position of the entire ISPP complex was altered in stage-38 embryos and the prenasal process showed elongation. In stage-38 embryos in which the prospective upper beak had been removed at stage 29, Meckel's cartilage was elongated. It is concluded that straightening of the angle between the ventral contour of the interorbital septum and the long axis of the prenasal process is not influenced by the lower beak, whereas the position of the entire ISPP complex and the size of the prenasal process are under the epigenetic influence of the lower beak. The position and size of Meckel's cartilage are under the epigenetic influence of the upper beak.
在鸡胚中研究了去除下喙对眶间隔-鼻前突（ISPP）复合体发育的影响。在正常发育过程中，眶间隔腹侧轮廓与鼻前突长轴之间的角度增大。同时，眶间隔腹侧轮廓与基板之间的角度增大。在第29阶段手术切除预期的下喙后，整个ISPP复合体的位置在第38阶段胚胎中发生改变，并且鼻前突显示伸长。在第29阶段切除预期上喙的第38阶段胚胎中，梅克尔软骨伸长。得出的结论是，眶间隔腹侧轮廓与鼻前突长轴之间角度的变直不受下喙的影响，而整个ISPP复合体的位置和鼻前突的大小受下喙的表观遗传影响。梅克尔软骨的位置和大小受上喙的表观遗传影响。
