Chevallier A
J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1979 Jan;49:73-88.
The regional embryonic origin of trunk and limb musculature was determined through heterospecific homotopic or heterotopic transplantations of quail somitic or somiticsomatopleural mesoderm into chick hosts, and through localized X-irradiation of the somitic mesoderm. Experiments were performed on 2-day embryos. Results show that the myoblastic component of all truncal and appendicular muscles is of somitic origin. Intra- and perimuscular connective tissue as well as tendons are of somatopleural origin. X-ray destruction of the somitic mesoderm at and beyond the wing level resulted in the complete or almost complete absence of musculature in the wing and corresponding truncal region. The mapping of the cephalocaudal origin of the various muscles was found to be as follows: Intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the wing and scapular girdle Somites 12-20 Grand pectoral muscle Somites 12-22 Intercostal muscles Somites 19-26 Abdominal muscles Somites 27-29 Intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the leg and pelvic girdle Somites 26-32 Dorsal and intervertebral muscles Metameric level, specific origin In the heterotopic transplantations, the grafted somitic mesoderm gave rise to site-specific morphogenesis, irrespective of the cephalocaudal level of its origin. This result demonstrates that, at 2 days of incubation, the myogenic somitic cells are not regionalized.
通过将鹌鹑体节或体节-体壁中胚层进行异种同型或异位移植到鸡胚宿主中，以及对体节中胚层进行局部X射线照射，确定了躯干和肢体肌肉组织的区域胚胎起源。实验在2日龄胚胎上进行。结果表明，所有躯干和附属肌肉的成肌细胞成分均起源于体节。肌内和肌周结缔组织以及肌腱起源于体壁。在翼水平及以上对体节中胚层进行X射线破坏，导致翼和相应躯干区域的肌肉组织完全或几乎完全缺失。发现各种肌肉的头尾起源图谱如下：翼和肩胛带的固有肌和外在肌 体节12 - 20 胸大肌 体节12 - 22 肋间肌 体节19 - 26 腹肌 体节27 - 29 腿和骨盆带的固有肌和外在肌 体节26 - 32 背肌和椎间肌 分节水平，特定起源 在异位移植中，移植的体节中胚层产生了位点特异性形态发生，与其起源的头尾水平无关。这一结果表明，在孵化2天时，成肌体节细胞尚未区域化。
