Wuthe H H, Rohde R, Aleksić S, Schubert C, Wuthe S
Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig A. 1979 Apr;243(2-3):412-8.
Fourty-nine adders (Vipera berus L.) and thirty-one grass-snakes (Nitrix natrix L.) from northern Germany were investigated by cloacal swabs. The samples were usually taken in the field and preenriched in peptone water and further-on processed in three steps of tetrathionate. After each step of enrichment the material was transfered to salmonella shigella agar and fuchsine lactose agar (acc. to Endo). Salmonella screening was done by inoculation of lactose positive and lactose negative colonies into lysine iron agar (acc. to Edwards and Fife). Salmonella excretion was found in 59% of the adders and in 68% of the grass-snakes. Some specimens excreted several Salmonella species. 22 different species resp. variants were detected, of which 19 species belonged to subgenus III (Arizona). Subgenus I occured infrequently and was represented by S. duesseldorf, S. heidelberg and S. sunnycove. Three new triphasic variants S. III 17:Z10: e, n, x, z15: z56, S. III 38: (k): z35:z56 and S. III 50:z10:z:z56 of species already known and four so far unknown species S. III (6), 14: 1,v:z (Ar. 7a, 7c:23-31), S. III 21:1,v:z57 (Ar. 22:23-40a,40c), S. III 43:1,v:z56 (Ar. 21:23-38) and S. III 28:z10:z57 (Ar. 35:27-40a,40c) were discovered. The present results suggest that adders and grass-snakes in northern Germany represent autonomous reservoirs of salmonellae. There exist only few relations between the Salmonella species in these kinds of snakes and other European snakes.
对来自德国北部的49条蝰蛇（极北蝰）和31条草蛇（水游蛇）进行了泄殖腔拭子检测。样本通常在野外采集，先在蛋白胨水中进行预富集，然后分三步在连四硫酸盐中进一步处理。每次富集步骤后，将材料转移至沙门氏-志贺氏琼脂和碱性复红乳糖琼脂（根据远藤氏培养基）。通过将乳糖阳性和乳糖阴性菌落接种到赖氨酸铁琼脂（根据爱德华兹和法伊夫培养基）中进行沙门氏菌筛查。在59%的蝰蛇和68%的草蛇中发现了沙门氏菌排泄情况。一些样本排泄出几种沙门氏菌。检测到22种不同的菌种或变种，其中19种属于III亚属（亚利桑那菌）。I亚属很少出现，由杜塞尔多夫沙门氏菌、海德堡沙门氏菌和桑尼科夫沙门氏菌代表。发现了三种已知菌种的新三相变种：III 17:Z10:e,n,x,z15:z56、III 38:(k):z35:z56和III 50:z10:z:z56，以及四种迄今未知的菌种：III (6),14:1,v:z（亚利桑那菌7a,7c:23 - 31）、III 21:1,v:z57（亚利桑那菌22:23 - 40a,40c）、III 43:1,v:z56（亚利桑那菌21:23 - 38）和III 28:z10:z57（亚利桑那菌35:27 - 40a,40c）。目前的结果表明，德国北部的蝰蛇和草蛇是沙门氏菌的独立宿主。这类蛇体内的沙门氏菌种与其他欧洲蛇体内的沙门氏菌种之间关系甚少。
