Brower R W, Merin R G
Anesthesiology. 1979 May;50(5):409-15. doi: 10.1097/00000542-197905000-00007.
Halothane (0.05--1.7 vol per cent end-tidal) in nitrous oxide (N2O), 60 per cent: oxygen (O2), 40 per cent was administered to nonmedicated, closed-chest pigs. Ventricular function was analyzed from cardiac output (thermodilution) and left ventricular (LV) pressure indices. Ventricular volumes and compliance were estimated from single and biplane LV angiography. In separate experiments, the effects of N2O, time, and the angiographic dye injections were shown to be minimal. Halothane caused dose-dependent decreases in aortic blood pressure, cardiac output, peak first derivative of left ventricular pressure (LV dP/dt), the in-vivo maximum velocity of fiber shortening (Vmax), and ejection fraction; non-dose-dependent decreases in heart rate and circumferential fiber shortening rate. Although a pronounced dose-related negative inotropic effect of halothane in the pig heart was demonstrated, there was no definite effect on ventricular pressure-volume relationships (compliance). If there was any such effect of halothane, it was obscured by the cardiac depression produced.
将0.05% - 1.7%呼气末浓度的氟烷混入60%氧化亚氮（N₂O）和40%氧气（O₂）中，给予未用药的闭胸猪。通过心输出量（热稀释法）和左心室（LV）压力指标分析心室功能。通过单平面和双平面左心室血管造影估计心室容积和顺应性。在单独的实验中，氧化亚氮、时间和血管造影染料注射的影响被证明是最小的。氟烷导致主动脉血压、心输出量、左心室压力的峰值一阶导数（LV dP/dt）、体内纤维缩短的最大速度（Vmax）和射血分数呈剂量依赖性下降；心率和圆周纤维缩短率呈非剂量依赖性下降。虽然已证明氟烷对猪心脏有明显的剂量相关负性肌力作用，但对心室压力-容积关系（顺应性）没有明确影响。如果氟烷有任何此类影响，也会被其所产生的心脏抑制作用掩盖。
