Morishima H O, Finster M, Pedersen H, Fukunaga A, Ronfeld R A, Vassallo H G, Covino B G
Anesthesiology. 1979 May;50(5):431-6. doi: 10.1097/00000542-197905000-00011.
The pharmacokinetics of lidocaine were studied in fetal and neonatal lambs and in pregnant and nonpregnant adult sheep. Catheters were implanted in the femoral vessels and in the urinary bladders of animals prepared for chronic study. Lidocaine, 5--10 mg/kg, was injected intravenously either into the fetus or newborn lamb or into nonpregnant adult sheep. Serial samples of arterial blood and urine were obtained over four hours and analyzed for unchanged lidocaine using a gas chromatographic technique. The elimination half-lives of lidocaine in the bloods of nonpregnant ewe, neonate and fetus were 31, 51 and 33 min, respectively. Total-body clearances in the neonate and adult were 53 and 41 ml/min/kg. The metabolic clearances of lidocaine were the same in both, and approximated hepatic blood flow. Renal clearance was greater in the neonate, which was attributed to differences in urinary pH values and extents of protein binding. Thus, despite differences in half-lives, the newborn lamb is as capable as the adult of clearing lidocaine.
在胎儿和新生羔羊以及怀孕和未怀孕的成年绵羊中研究了利多卡因的药代动力学。将导管植入为慢性研究准备的动物的股血管和膀胱中。将5 - 10mg/kg的利多卡因静脉注射到胎儿、新生羔羊或未怀孕的成年绵羊体内。在4小时内获取动脉血和尿液的系列样本，并使用气相色谱技术分析未变化的利多卡因。未怀孕母羊、新生儿和胎儿血液中利多卡因的消除半衰期分别为31、51和33分钟。新生儿和成年羊的总体清除率分别为53和41ml/min/kg。两者中利多卡因的代谢清除率相同，且接近肝血流量。新生儿的肾清除率更高，这归因于尿液pH值和蛋白质结合程度的差异。因此，尽管半衰期不同，但新生羔羊清除利多卡因的能力与成年羊相同。
