Wooten B R, Wald G
J Gen Physiol. 1973 Feb;61(2):125-45. doi: 10.1085/jgp.61.2.125.
It is possible that so-called normal trichromatic vision occurs only between the central blue-blind fixation area and about 30 degrees peripherally. Beyond about 30 degrees vision has been alleged to become dichromatic (red-green blind), and beyond about 60 degrees , monochromatic. Hence every form of color blindness may characterize various zones of the normal retina. We have studied mechanisms of peripheral color vision, mainly by measuring the spectral sensitivities of the blue-, green-, and red-sensitive systems, isolated by differential color adaptation. In normal observers the sensitivity of the blue-mechanism falls off about 2 log units by 80 degrees out. The green- and red-sensitive systems decline only about 0.7 log unit over the same range. Protanopes, deuteranopes, and tritanopes exhibit comparable changes. We have not found any color mechanism present centrally to be wholly lost peripherally. Nor, for dichromats, have we found any mechanism missing centrally to be present peripherally. Whatever evidences of peripheral color blindness have been observed appear to involve other mechanisms than failure of receptors, probably including some fusion of neural pathways from receptors to centers.
所谓的正常三色视觉可能仅发生在中央蓝盲注视区域与周边约30度之间。据称，超过约30度时，视觉会变成二色性（红绿色盲），而超过约60度时，则变为单色性。因此，每种形式的色盲都可能表征正常视网膜的不同区域。我们主要通过测量经差异颜色适应分离出的蓝敏、绿敏和红敏系统的光谱敏感性，来研究周边色觉机制。在正常观察者中，蓝机制的敏感性在80度外下降约2个对数单位。在相同范围内，绿敏和红敏系统仅下降约0.7个对数单位。红色盲者、绿色盲者和蓝色盲者表现出类似的变化。我们未发现中央存在的任何颜色机制在周边完全丧失。对于二色视者，我们也未发现中央缺失的任何机制在周边存在。所观察到的周边色盲的任何证据似乎都涉及除受体功能障碍之外的其他机制，可能包括从受体到中枢的神经通路的某种融合。
