Fenwick A, Jorgensen T A
Bull World Health Organ. 1972;47(5):579-86.
On an irrigated sugar estate in northern Tanzania a control programme against Schistosoma mansoni was carried out during 1968-70. Through the routine use of molluscicides, the population of Biomphalaria pfeifferi snails was kept at a greatly reduced level. Concurrently a mass campaign was carried out to detect residents who were infected with S. mansoni so that they might be treated. The effect of these measures on the overall prevalence of the disease was measured by random studies before and after the mass diagnosis and treatment. The techniques used for mass diagnosis, for treatment, and for the prevalence studies are described, and the results of the control programme are presented and discussed. In the mass diagnosis campaign over 90% of the population were examined and 2 286 courses of treatment were administered to 1 922 persons. The combination of chemotherapy and snail control led to a significant reduction in the number of S. mansoni. infections. In field workers the prevalence was reduced from 59% in early 1969 to 31% in late 1970. In nonfield workers the reduction was from 36% to 15% and in the wives of employees from 28% to 14%. The main reasons why the prevalence was not reduced further were considered to be the failure of the drugs used to effect a complete parasitological cure and the inability of the mass diagnosis campaign to detect light infections. It was estimated that the overall reduction in the number of eggs released into the community as a result of the control programme was about 85%.
1968年至1970年期间，在坦桑尼亚北部一个有灌溉设施的甘蔗种植园开展了一项针对曼氏血吸虫的防治计划。通过常规使用杀螺剂，费氏拟钉螺的数量被维持在一个大幅降低的水平。同时开展了一场大规模运动，以检测感染曼氏血吸虫的居民，以便对他们进行治疗。通过在大规模诊断和治疗前后进行随机研究，来衡量这些措施对疾病总体流行率的影响。文中描述了用于大规模诊断、治疗和流行率研究的技术，并展示和讨论了防治计划的结果。在大规模诊断运动中，超过90%的人口接受了检查，为1922人提供了2286个疗程的治疗。化疗和螺蛳控制相结合，使曼氏血吸虫感染人数显著减少。在野外工作者中，流行率从1969年初的59%降至1970年底的31%。在非野外工作者中，流行率从36%降至15%，在员工妻子中，流行率从28%降至14%。流行率未能进一步降低的主要原因被认为是所用药物未能实现完全的寄生虫学治愈，以及大规模诊断运动无法检测到轻度感染。据估计，由于防治计划，社区中释放的虫卵数量总体减少了约85%。
