Grau J H, Gonick P, Wilson A
J Urol. 1979 Aug;122(2):233-6. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)56342-9.
We present 5 cases of intrarenal arteriovenous fistulas after renal biopsy. Of these cases 3 followed percutaneous needle biopsy and 2 occurred after open renal biopsy. A nephrectomy was necessary in 1 patient to control the severe hypertension secondary to a hydronephrotic kidney and 1 patient required a partial nephrectomy to control marked hematuria.