Calabrese E J, Moore G S
Med Hypotheses. 1979 Apr;5(4):493-8. doi: 10.1016/0306-9877(79)90116-6.
The hypothesis that elevated levels of copper in drinking water may be a factor in the precipitation of acute hemolysis in those with a G-6-PD deficiency in their erythrocytes is developed. The present U.S. EPA drinking water standards do not have a primary (or human health) standard for copper but only a secondary standard which is designed to prevent an unacceptable taste. Because of the widespread occurrence of elevated levels of copper in drinking water in areas where the water is corrosive and the households have copper piping, it is recommended that environmental health regulatory agencies develop a risk assessment concerning the effects of copper on those high risk groups who are predisposed to develop a copper induced hemolysis.
饮用水中铜含量升高可能是导致红细胞中存在葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症的人群发生急性溶血的一个因素。美国环境保护局(EPA)目前的饮用水标准中没有关于铜的主要(或人体健康)标准,只有一个旨在防止出现不可接受味道的二级标准。由于在水具有腐蚀性且家庭使用铜管的地区,饮用水中铜含量升高的情况普遍存在,建议环境卫生监管机构针对铜对那些易发生铜诱导溶血的高危人群的影响开展风险评估。