Ulmer W T
Prax Klin Pneumol. 1979 Apr;33 Suppl 1:633-9.
Anthracosilicosis and asbestosis are the most important types of pneumoconioses induced by inorganic dust. They produce entirely different damage to the broncho-pulmonary system. Anthracosilicosis graded B or C roentgenographically is very often accompanied by obstructive respiratory disorders; in asbestosis restrictive disturbances predominate. The question whether obstructive lesions also tend to occur remains to be solved. Dyspnoea often accompanied by bronchitis is the main clinical feature. Anthrocosilicosis is amenable to therapeutic measures which have resulted in a considerable prolongation of the life span of these cases. Improved dust control is the most rational prophylactic measure. Abstention from smoking also plays a part.
煤矽肺和石棉肺是由无机粉尘引起的最重要的尘肺病类型。它们对支气管 - 肺系统造成完全不同的损害。X线表现为B级或C级的煤矽肺常伴有阻塞性呼吸障碍；而石棉肺则以限制性障碍为主。阻塞性病变是否也易于发生这一问题仍有待解决。常伴有支气管炎的呼吸困难是主要临床特征。煤矽肺可采用治疗措施，这些措施已使这些病例的寿命显著延长。改善粉尘控制是最合理的预防措施。戒烟也起一定作用。
