Beyer D, Fiedler V, Schütt H, Boehnke E
Rontgenblatter. 1979 Aug;32(8):229-41.
The wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from normal variants over early posttraumatic swelling to Hoffa's classical syndrome with hypertrophy of the fat pad can be demonstrated in double-contrast arthrography with high reliability, demonstrated after review of 1566 arthrographies in comparison with results of surgery and histology. Following post-mortem studies in 50 knee joints statements are made about normal size and shape, physiological variants and pathological enlargement of Hoffa's fat pad in arthrography. Since post-traumatic changes of menisci, cartilage and Hoffa body often cannot be differentiated by clinical examination, double-contrast arthrography should be performed routinely before surgery, since this technique provides the surgeon with a maximum of preoperative information about the internal structures of the knee joint and may modify the planned surgical procedure considerably.
在双对比关节造影中，可以高度可靠地显示出从正常变异到创伤后早期肿胀，再到伴有脂肪垫肥大的霍法经典综合征等广泛的病症情况。在对1566例关节造影结果与手术及组织学结果进行对比回顾后得以证实。在对50个膝关节进行尸检研究后，阐述了关节造影中霍法脂肪垫的正常大小和形状、生理变异及病理性增大情况。由于半月板、软骨和霍法体的创伤后变化在临床检查中常常难以区分，因此在手术前应常规进行双对比关节造影，因为该技术能为外科医生提供关于膝关节内部结构的最多术前信息，并可能显著改变计划中的手术程序。
