A study of spontaneous mutation rates at ten loci detectable by starch gel electrophoresis in Drosophila melanogaster.

Spontaneous mutation rates at ten allozyme loci on chromosomes II and III of Drosophila melanogaster were studied. Over the three and a half years study, one alpha-GPD mutation and two different IDH mutations were obtained. The alpha-GPD mutation was inherited in the Mendelian fashion, as expected. The two IDH mutations were peculiar in that the band of new types appeared only in females. In males, only the original bands were stained, and the positions where mutant alleles' bands should be present were blank. Both IDH mutant homozygotes appeared as null allele homozygotes, while in females clear-cut single bands were present.-The rates of spontaneous mutation varied greatly. Eight loci studied (MDH, ADH, EST-6, APH, EST-C, ODH, XDH, AO) did not give any germ-line mutation. The average germ-line mutation rate over all ten loci was estimated at 4.5 x 10(-6). This rate is considerably smaller than that for sex-linked recessive visible mutations (Muller, Valencia and Valencia 1950), but it is somewhat less than autosomal recessive visible mutations (Glass and Ritterhoff 1956).