Malcolm A D, Roach M R
Stroke. 1979 May-Jun;10(3):335-43. doi: 10.1161/01.str.10.3.335.
Dye flow patterns were studied in 12 glass model bifurcations with angles of 45, 90, 135, and 180 degrees, and area ratios of 0.78, 1.03 and 1.27. At the apex, the dye formed a saddle zone, and streamlines from the core which entered this region were swept over the upper and lower surfaces to enter the lateral angles. Qualitatively, the shape and size of the apex played a key role in this effect. Boundary layer separation occurred in the lateral angles, and increased as flow into the branch was reduced. If the branch was occluded, a complex vortex developed in the first few diameters of the branch, and no flow occurred beyond this, even though the occlusion was about 20 diameters downstream. The results were comparable with steady and pulsatile flow. The implications of these results for the localization of atherosclerosis are discussed.
在12个角度分别为45度、90度、135度和180度，面积比分别为0.78、1.03和1.27的玻璃模型分叉处研究了染料流动模式。在顶点处，染料形成一个鞍形区域，从进入该区域的核心流出的流线被扫过上表面和下表面，进入侧角。定性地说，顶点的形状和大小在这种效应中起关键作用。边界层分离发生在侧角，并随着流入分支的流量减少而增加。如果分支被阻塞，在分支的最初几个管径内会形成一个复杂的漩涡，在此之后就没有流动了，尽管阻塞位于下游约20个管径处。结果与稳定流和脉动流相当。讨论了这些结果对动脉粥样硬化定位的意义。
