Staneva D, Nikolov S, Pavlov K, Malinov A, Krundev P
Vutr Boles. 1979;18(2):79-87.
The authors studied the incidence and character of cardiac rupture in 109 deceased of myocardial infarction. Rupture was encountered in 21.1 per cent. Out of the 23 ruptures -- 21 were external and 2 -- internal at the intraventricular septum. Cardiac rupture is an occurence mainly in subjects over 60. Extensive transmural infarction was diagnosed in all cases of external rupture. The diagnosis was made while still alive in a little more than a half of the cases. In seven of the cases, the external rupture was with a protracted progress with the following clinical manifestations -- preceeding strong, refractory, continuous pain and anxiety, protracted shock state, prolonged pericardial friction. Characteristic ECG changes are described in case of protracted ruptures enabling the admittance of the rupture while still living. The authors express the opinion that in cases with protracted rupture, surgical life-saving intervention is possible.
作者研究了109例心肌梗死死亡患者心脏破裂的发生率及特点。心脏破裂发生率为21.1%。在23例破裂病例中，21例为心脏外部破裂，2例为心室内间隔内部破裂。心脏破裂主要发生在60岁以上的人群中。所有心脏外部破裂病例均诊断为广泛透壁性梗死。超过半数的病例在患者仍存活时做出诊断。在7例病例中，心脏外部破裂呈迁延性进展，伴有以下临床表现：先前有强烈、难以缓解的持续性疼痛和焦虑、迁延性休克状态、心包摩擦音持续时间延长。文中描述了迁延性破裂病例的特征性心电图变化，使得在患者仍存活时就能诊断出破裂。作者认为，在迁延性破裂的病例中，进行挽救生命的手术干预是可能的。
