Effects of carotid occlusion and left atrial stretch on supraoptic neurosecretory cells.

Acute experiments were performed on pentobarbital-anesthetized cats to determine whether atrial and carotid baroreceptors affected the same neurosecretory neurons in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus. The osmosensitivity of these neurons was also determined. Eighty-two SON neurons were antidromically identified and 63 of these increased their firing rates during complete occlusion of the right carotid artery. Further testing of these 63 neurons demonstrated that 56 were inhibited by directly stretching the left atrium and 61 were excited by intracarotid injection of hypertonic saline. Left atrial stretch greatly reduced the neuronal response to carotid occlusion. These results show that the activity of the majority of the antidromically identified SON neurons is altered by left atrial and carotid artery receptors as well as changes in plasma osmolality. Results are consistent with the known influence of these receptors on plasma vasopressin.