Hoppe C M
J Pers. 1979 Jun;47(2):317-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1979.tb00205.x.
Ninety-five undergraduates served as subjects in an experiment where they could administer electric shock to an opponent and receive the same from an opponent. The independent variables were subject's sex, subject's sex role identification (as measured by the Bem Sex Role Inventory), opponent's sex, as well as degree of provocation from the opponent. Aggression was defined as level of shock chosen by the subject for the opponent. The results indicated that masculine subjects facing a male opponent were more aggressive than individuals of other sex role identifications whether or not they were provoked. It was also found that masculine males were more aggressive than other males or anyof the females. Furthermore, opponent's sex influenced the males' aggressiveness but had no effect on the degree of aggression in females. Finally, aggression increased in all subjects following increases in provocation. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for pyschological androgyny.
95名本科生参与了一项实验，实验中他们可以电击对手，同时也会受到对手的电击。自变量包括受试者的性别、受试者的性别角色认同（通过贝姆性别角色量表测量）、对手的性别以及来自对手的挑衅程度。攻击性被定义为受试者为对手选择的电击强度。结果表明，无论是否受到挑衅，面对男性对手的男性化受试者比其他性别角色认同的个体更具攻击性。研究还发现，男性化的男性比其他男性或任何女性都更具攻击性。此外，对手的性别影响男性的攻击性，但对女性的攻击程度没有影响。最后，随着挑衅程度的增加，所有受试者的攻击性都增强了。研究结果将根据其对心理双性化的影响进行讨论。
