肾上腺切除大鼠的吗啡镇痛、耐受性及身体依赖性

Morphine analgesia, tolerance and physical dependence in the adrenalectomized rat.

作者信息

Wei E

出版信息

Br J Pharmacol. 1973 Apr;47(4):693-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08195.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08195.x

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1776073/

Abstract

Adrenalectomy reduced the median antinociceptive dose (AD50) of morphine in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The antinociceptive effect was assessed by the tail-flick method of D'Amour & Smith (1941).2. Tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of morphine developed in adrenalectomized and sham-operated rats after chronic exposure to morphine. Development of tolerance did not significantly alter the increased sensitivity of adrenalectomized rats to the antinociceptive effect of morphine.3. Adrenal weights were not increased in rats rendered physically dependent on morphine by subcutaneous implantation of a morphine pellet. Withdrawal, induced by intraperitoneal injection of naloxone hydrochloride, 4 mg/kg, or by removal of the implanted pellet, resulted in a rapid increase in adrenal weight.4. In morphine-dependent animals, the incidence of abstinence signs and body weight loss during precipitated withdrawal did not appear to be significantly influenced by adrenalectomy or by corticosterone-pretreatment.

摘要

肾上腺切除术降低了雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠吗啡的半数抗伤害感受剂量（AD50）。采用D'Amour和Smith（1941年）的甩尾法评估抗伤害感受作用。
慢性暴露于吗啡后，肾上腺切除和假手术大鼠均对吗啡的抗伤害感受作用产生耐受性。耐受性的形成并未显著改变肾上腺切除大鼠对吗啡抗伤害感受作用的敏感性增加。
通过皮下植入吗啡丸使大鼠产生身体依赖性，其肾上腺重量并未增加。腹腔注射4 mg/kg盐酸纳洛酮或取出植入的药丸诱导戒断，导致肾上腺重量迅速增加。
在吗啡依赖动物中，肾上腺切除或皮质酮预处理似乎并未显著影响催瘾戒断期间戒断症状的发生率和体重减轻情况。