Milman D H
J Clin Psychiatry. 1979 Sep;40(9):371-80.
Seventy-three patients, diagnosed in childhood as having minimal brain dysfunction syndrome and further classified as either developmental lag (38%) or organic brain syndrome (62%), were followed into late adolescence and early adult life. At follow-up 7% were free of psychiatric disorder, 80% had various types of personality disorder, and 14% were borderline psychotic. Global outcome was rated as satisfactory in 20%, unsatisfactory in 80%. Associated with an unsatisfactory outcome were these initial findings: low normal or borderline intelligence, multiplicity of behavioral and neuropsychological findings, learning disabilities, special class placement, and initial classification of organic brain syndrome. Initial differentiation between developmental lag and organic brain syndrome foreshadowed different psychopathological features having significant polarities and little overlap, as well as different global outcome.
73名童年期被诊断为患有轻微脑功能障碍综合征的患者，进一步分为发育迟缓（38%）或器质性脑综合征（62%）两组，随访至青春期末期和成年早期。随访时，7%无精神障碍，80%有各种类型的人格障碍，14%为边缘性精神病。总体结果评定为满意的占20%，不满意的占80%。与不满意结果相关的初始发现包括：智力处于低正常或临界水平、行为和神经心理学发现多样、学习障碍、被安排到特殊班级以及初始诊断为器质性脑综合征。发育迟缓与器质性脑综合征的初始区分预示着不同的精神病理特征，具有显著的两极分化且几乎没有重叠，同时也预示着不同的总体结果。
