Jacobs H D, Farndell P R, Grobbelaar P S, Smith D J, Bromfield M E
S Afr Med J. 1979 Jun 16;55(25):1031-4.
In 74 patients believed to have chronic anaemia, 1 541 individual clinical assessments of haemoglobin levels were made from various sites. By comparison with laboratory values, there were statistically significant differences in the majority. In most instances these were not clinically important. The conjunctivae, the oral mucosa and the tongue were the integumentary sites that seemed to give the most accurate clinical assessment, while the appearance of nail-bed, palmar creases and facies did not correlate with laboratory findings. Bias appeared to be a factor in clinical estimates. There was no evidence that experience made clinicians more accurate.
在74名被认为患有慢性贫血的患者中，从不同部位对血红蛋白水平进行了1541次个体临床评估。与实验室值相比，大多数评估存在统计学上的显著差异。在大多数情况下，这些差异在临床上并不重要。结膜、口腔黏膜和舌头是似乎能给出最准确临床评估的体表部位，而甲床、掌纹和面容的外观与实验室检查结果无关。偏差似乎是临床评估中的一个因素。没有证据表明经验会使临床医生的评估更准确。
