Nakajima A, Fujiki K, Tanabe U, Yasuda N
Am J Ophthalmol. 1979 Sep;88(3 Pt 1):461-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(79)90647-0.
We compared the distribution of birth order and maternal and paternal ages of blind school children throughout Japan with that of the total Japanese population of the corresponding age groups and with that of a subgroup of children with acquired blindness. The number of first-born children with microphthalmos was smaller, and the number of second-, third-, or fourth-born children was larger, as compared with the control groups. The differences were highly statistically significant by chi-square test. There was a less pronounced indication of birth order effect in amblyopia, congenital cataract, and optic nerve atrophy, which involved more first-borns than in the controls. The distribution of maternal age was also different from the control group in microphthalmos, congenital cataract, corneal opacity, and optic nerve atrophy. Less mothers in their 20s and more in their 30s produced children with these conditions. We believe this finding may be partly related to the rapid decline in infant mortality and in the incidence of congenital blindness in Japan.
我们将全日本盲校儿童的出生顺序分布以及其父母的年龄，与相应年龄组的日本总人口以及后天性失明儿童亚组进行了比较。与对照组相比，患有小眼症的头胎儿童数量较少，而二胎、三胎或四胎儿童的数量较多。经卡方检验，差异具有高度统计学意义。在弱视、先天性白内障和视神经萎缩方面，出生顺序效应的迹象不太明显，这些疾病涉及的头胎儿童比对照组更多。在小眼症、先天性白内障、角膜混浊和视神经萎缩方面，母亲年龄的分布也与对照组不同。20多岁的母亲较少，30多岁的母亲较多生育患有这些疾病的孩子。我们认为这一发现可能部分与日本婴儿死亡率和先天性失明发病率的迅速下降有关。
