Hicks M J, Davis J R, Layton J M, Present A J
JAMA. 1979 Nov 9;242(19):2080-3.
Mammography and physical examination of the breast are evaluated as screening instruments for detecting breast cancer based on local biopsy data obtained from women enrolled in a national breast cancer screening program. One hundren thirteen cancers (15.5%) of women who underwent biopsy) were detected. The individual sensitivities of mammography and physical examination for detecting breast cancer are 62% and 24%, respectively. The sensitivity of the two methods combined is 75% (85 of 113). Thirty-seven cancers were in situ or minimally invasive (less than or equal to 1 cm in greatest dimension). Eighty-one percent (30 of 37) of these small cancers were detected by screening, and they comprised 35% (30 of 85) of all cancers detected by mammography, physical examination, or both. Improved survival is anticipated due to this high rate of discovery of small cancers.
基于从参与全国乳腺癌筛查项目的女性中获取的局部活检数据，对乳房X线摄影和乳房体格检查作为检测乳腺癌的筛查手段进行了评估。接受活检的女性中有113例癌症（15.5%）被检测出。乳房X线摄影和体格检查检测乳腺癌的个体敏感性分别为62%和24%。两种方法联合的敏感性为75%（113例中的85例）。37例癌症为原位癌或微浸润癌（最大直径小于或等于1厘米）。这些小癌症中有81%（37例中的30例）通过筛查被检测出，它们占通过乳房X线摄影、体格检查或两者检测出的所有癌症的35%（85例中的30例）。由于小癌症的高发现率，预计生存率会有所提高。
