Lindquist B
Paediatrician. 1979;8 Suppl 1:37-47.
Particular problems under discussion in the field of infant nutrition today are the following. (1) The frequency of breastfeeding including the effect of promotion to uncrease it. (2) The protein requirement of low birth weight infants including relevant parameters for evaluation of the requirement. Recent studies indicate that the protein requirement of low weight is only slightly higher (or may be the same) as that supplied by breast milk. (3) The tolerance for intake of certain nutrients in early infancy - mainly protein and minerals - in relation to the development of organ functions, including homeostatic disturbances that may arise when the tolerance is exceeded. Adverse effects of a too high protein intake are particularly acidosis and increased osmolar load on kidney function. Excess mineral adds to the renal solute load, implying a threat to water balance. (4) The introduction of Beikost, when and why, and (5) Atherosclerosis as a problem for the pediatrician. The need for identification of risk factors, especially screening for hyperilipidemia, in early life and for recommendation of dietary measures instituted in early childhood has to be further studied.
（1）母乳喂养的频率，包括促进母乳喂养增加的效果。（2）低出生体重婴儿的蛋白质需求，包括评估需求的相关参数。最近的研究表明，低体重婴儿的蛋白质需求仅略高于（或可能与）母乳提供的量。（3）婴儿早期对某些营养素（主要是蛋白质和矿物质）的耐受性与器官功能发育的关系，包括当耐受性被超过时可能出现的体内平衡紊乱。蛋白质摄入过高的不良影响尤其包括酸中毒和对肾功能的渗透压负荷增加。过量的矿物质会增加肾脏溶质负荷，对水平衡构成威胁。（4）辅食的引入时间和原因，以及（5）动脉粥样硬化作为儿科医生面临的一个问题。在生命早期识别风险因素的必要性，特别是对高脂血症的筛查，以及在儿童早期推荐饮食措施，这些都有待进一步研究。
