Auditory cortex lesions and interaural intensity and phase-angle discrimination in cats.

1. A currently unresolved question concerning the effects of auditory decortication on sound localization is whether or not operated animals have a normal capacity for discriminating the small interaural differences in phase angle or intensity that result from the spatial separation of sound sources relative to the head. The present experiment was designed to provide data relevant to this question. 2. Four normal and three operated cats (bilateral ablations of AI, AII Ep, SII, I-T), wearing stereo headsets, were tested with an active avoidance procedure to detect reversals in the interaural phase-angle or intensity relations of binaural 1-kHz tones. For both groups of cats, the detection thresholds for interaural intensity and phase angle were found to be close to 1 dB and 5 degrees, respectively. 3. In addition, we found that both unoperated and operated cats exhibited positive transfer from the original lateralization task involving the detection of interaural reversals of phase angle or intensity to a new test, which required the cats to identify, in an absolute sense, which ear received the leading or louder signals. 4. Thus, the present investigation provides additional evidence that the neocortex has no primary sensory role in sound localization.