Egdell H G, Stanfield J P
Br Med J. 1972 Feb 26;1(5799):548-52. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5799.548.
The findings in 138 children attending a neurology clinic in Uganda are presented. In contrast with findings in developed countries, only 25 had an abnormal birth and history dating from birth compared with 63 who had a normal birth and early development with symptoms of postnatal onset. The commonest mode of onset in the postnatal period was a catastrophic, feverish illness. Effective and usually easily achieved drug control of epilepsy and hyperkinesis enabled most parents to cope with disabled children. Simple explanation to parents and teachers can reduce the rejection and educational retardation associated with epilepsy.Primary prevention lies in earlier diagnosis and treatment of cerebral malaria, meningitis, and encephalitis and improved obstetric services. Secondary prevention requires closer follow-up of potentially brain-damaged children and the education of doctors in neurological and behavioural assessment and the more efficient treatment of epilepsy and hyperkinesis.
本文介绍了乌干达一家神经科诊所对138名儿童的研究结果。与发达国家的研究结果不同，只有25名儿童出生异常且有出生以来的病史，而63名儿童出生正常且早期发育正常，但产后出现症状。产后最常见的发病方式是灾难性的发热疾病。对癫痫和多动症进行有效且通常易于实现的药物控制，使大多数家长能够应对残疾儿童。向家长和教师进行简单解释，可以减少与癫痫相关的排斥和教育障碍。一级预防在于早期诊断和治疗脑型疟疾、脑膜炎和脑炎，以及改善产科服务。二级预防需要对潜在脑损伤儿童进行更密切的随访，对医生进行神经和行为评估方面的教育，以及更有效地治疗癫痫和多动症。
