Brubaker P E, Moran J P, Bridbord K, Hueter F G
Environ Health Perspect. 1975 Apr;10:39-56. doi: 10.1289/ehp.751039.
The public health benefits expected by reducing known hazardous emissions from mobile sources should not be compromised by increasing levels of other potentially hazardous unregulated emissions. Catalytic converters are going to be used to meet the statutory requirements on carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions from light duty motor vehicles. Platinum and palladium metals are the catalytic materials to be used in these emission control devices. Preliminary experimental evidence and analysis of the impact of these control devices on the future use and demand for platinum indicates that this metal may appear at detectable levels in the environment by the end of this decade. At the present time, platinum and palladium are not present in the public environment and represent potentially new environmental contaminants as a consequence of use of this new abatement control technology. There is relatively little information available to adequately assess the potential health hazards that may be associated with exposure to these metals and their compounds. Analysis of the environmental problems and concerns associated with possible new environmental contaminants are discussed. Limited estimates are made on community exposure by use of a meteorological dispersion model. Biodegradation potential and attention is also given to the limited toxicological information available.
通过减少移动源已知有害排放所预期的公共卫生效益，不应因其他潜在有害的未受管制排放水平增加而受到损害。催化转化器将用于满足轻型机动车一氧化碳和碳氢化合物排放的法定要求。铂和钯金属是这些排放控制装置中使用的催化材料。关于这些控制装置对未来铂的使用和需求影响的初步实验证据和分析表明，到本十年末，这种金属可能会在环境中以可检测的水平出现。目前，铂和钯不存在于公共环境中，由于使用这种新的减排控制技术，它们成为潜在的新环境污染物。目前可获得的信息相对较少，无法充分评估与接触这些金属及其化合物可能相关的潜在健康危害。讨论了与可能的新环境污染物相关的环境问题和担忧。利用气象扩散模型对社区暴露进行了有限的估计。还关注了生物降解潜力以及现有有限的毒理学信息。
