Chernoff N, Kavlock R J, Hanisch R C, Whitehouse D A, Gray J A, Gray L E, Sovocool G W
Toxicology. 1979 Jun-Jul;13(2):155-65.
The potential of the insecticide endrin to induce fetal toxicity was determined in hamsters exposed to the compound on either day 8 or days 5--14 of gestation. Endrin was administered by oral gavage as a solution in corn oil. Doses used included 0.5--10.0 mg/kg on day 8 and 0.75 to 3.5 mg/kg/day on days 5--14. Exposure to a single dose of endrin resulted in significant incidences of fused ribs and meningoencephaloceles at levels of 5 mg/kg or greater. No significant effects were noted in either maternal mortality and weight gain or in fetal mortality or weight gain. The administration of multiple doses of endrin resulted in few fetal defects, although a significant dose-related increase in fetal mortality and decrease in fetal weight was seen. Significant maternal lethality and weight reductions were noted at doses of 1.5 mg/kg/day or greater. At sacrifice, maternal liver and fetal tissues were collected and subsequently analyzed for endrin and a major metabolite, 12-ketoendrin. Endrin was found to cross the placenta and 20 ppb were found in fetuses from litters exposed to 2.5 mg/kg/day. Maternal livers from this dose group contained an average of 2500 pbb of endrin.
在妊娠第8天或妊娠第5 - 14天接触异狄氏剂的仓鼠中，测定了杀虫剂异狄氏剂诱发胎儿毒性的可能性。异狄氏剂以玉米油溶液经口灌胃给药。第8天使用的剂量为0.5 - 10.0毫克/千克，第5 - 14天为0.75至3.5毫克/千克/天。单次接触异狄氏剂，剂量达到5毫克/千克或更高时，肋骨融合和脑膜脑膨出的发生率显著增加。在母体死亡率和体重增加、胎儿死亡率或体重增加方面均未观察到显著影响。多次给药异狄氏剂导致胎儿缺陷较少，尽管胎儿死亡率显著增加且胎儿体重下降，且呈剂量相关。剂量为1.5毫克/千克/天或更高时，母体出现显著的致死率和体重减轻。处死时，收集母体肝脏和胎儿组织，随后分析其中的异狄氏剂及主要代谢产物12 - 酮异狄氏剂。发现异狄氏剂可穿过胎盘，在接触2.5毫克/千克/天的窝仔胎儿中发现了20 ppb的异狄氏剂。该剂量组母体肝脏中异狄氏剂的平均含量为2500 ppb。
