Amygdala and masseteric reflex. I. Facilitation, inhibition and diphasic modifications of the reflex, induced by localized amygdaloid stimulation.

The changes in amplitude of the monosynaptic masseteric reflex (MR), induced by stimulation of the amygdaloid area for the defence reaction (N. basalis, pars magnocellularis) and in other subdivisions of the amygdaloid complex, were studied in cats with spinal section maintained under Flaxedil. Simultaneously, the the effects of stimulation on the tonic activity of the masseteric nerve were observed. A maintained facilitation of the MR was elicited by stimulation of the lateral nucleus, the parvocellular portion of the basal nucleus and the cortical nucleus, while the reflex was inhibited during stimulation of the medial-most portion of the posterior amygdala. Diphasic changes of the MR amplitude (initial facilitation followed by delayed inhibition) were regularly observed when stimulating the magnocellular portion of the basal nucleus. These diphasic changes were closely correlated with the previously described diphasic resporatory and cardiac responses elicited from the same are (Bonvallet and Gary Bobo 1972). The initial facilitation probably corresponds to the "alerting" stage of the defence reaction and the delayed inhibition, associated with cortical, respiratory and cardiac activation, to the "defensive" stage of the reaction. Stimulation of the same area also provokes tonic or rhythmical discharges of the masseteric motoneurons which frequently occur during the delayed inhibition of the MR. The main efferent pathway mediating these motor effects is probably the ansa lenticularis.