Anderson G C, Vidyasagar D
Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1979;15(7):145-71.
An ongoing research program to document the development of the sucking response in low- and high-risk newborns is described. Goals are (a) to facilitate early oral feedings, and (b) ultimately to determine whether varying levels of self-regulatory mother-young interaction, uninterrupted by birth, differentially affect life span development. In pilot research, finger sucking opportunities were given twice daily to 2 female and 8 male critically ill premature newborns. A clinical scoring system (range 0--12) measured quality of the sucking response beginning as early as 1 hour of life. The sucking response was present in all 10 newborns. The mean sucking score and standard error of the mean on the first day of life were 6.0 +/- 0.8. Sucking scores did not correlate with birth weight or gestational age, but correlated positively with pH (r = +0.52, p less than .01) and negatively with pCO2 (r = 0.47, p less than .05). Sucking scores generally increased with age and with closely time-related sucking opportunities. Sucking scores were negatively correlated with serum bilirubin levels. Sucking opportunities seemed to facilitate neuromuscular coordination, alert activity, alert inactivity, and deep sleep. A description is given also of a portable electronic suckometer and research nipple developed to quantitatively measure the sucking response of low- and high-risk newborns. The pilot research with this instrument is summarized, as are 3 current studies, 2 of which begin at birth. Sucking is a major component of mother-newborn interaction. Perhaps the isolated transitional newborn is in a nonphysiologic state.
本文描述了一项正在进行的研究项目，该项目旨在记录低风险和高风险新生儿吸吮反应的发展情况。目标包括：（a）促进早期经口喂养；（b）最终确定不同水平的自我调节母婴互动（不受出生干扰）是否会对寿命发展产生不同影响。在初步研究中，每天两次为2名患病严重的早产女婴和8名患病严重的早产男婴提供吸吮手指的机会。一种临床评分系统（范围为0 - 12）从出生后1小时起开始测量吸吮反应的质量。所有10名新生儿均出现了吸吮反应。出生第一天的平均吸吮得分及平均标准误为6.0 +/- 0.8。吸吮得分与出生体重或胎龄无关，但与pH值呈正相关（r = +0.52，p < .01），与pCO2呈负相关（r = 0.47，p < .05）。吸吮得分通常随年龄增长以及与时间密切相关的吸吮机会而增加。吸吮得分与血清胆红素水平呈负相关。吸吮机会似乎有助于神经肌肉协调、警觉活动、警觉性静止和深度睡眠。本文还介绍了一种便携式电子吸吮计和为定量测量低风险和高风险新生儿吸吮反应而开发的研究用奶嘴。总结了使用该仪器的初步研究以及3项当前研究，其中2项研究从出生时开始。吸吮是母婴互动的一个主要组成部分。也许孤立的过渡新生儿处于非生理状态。
