Carpenter J W, Spraker T R, Gardiner C H, Novilla M N
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979 Nov 1;175(9):948-51.
Oral granulomas were observed in 31 (33%) of 95 captive sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. Necropsy of six of the afflicted cranes revealed granulomatous nodules throughout many of their organ systems. Intracellular protozoan organisms morphologically resembling schizogonic stages were observed within the granulomas by light and electron microscopy. Sexual and asexual stages of coccidia were seen in sections of the intestines of 4 of 5 cranes examined microscopically, and Eimerian oocysts were seen in fecal flotation specimens from 3 of 4 birds.
在帕塔克森特野生动物研究中心的95只圈养沙丘鹤（加拿大鹤）中，有31只（33%）观察到口腔肉芽肿。对6只患病鹤进行尸检发现，它们的许多器官系统中都有肉芽肿性结节。通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察到，肉芽肿内存在形态上类似于裂殖生殖阶段的细胞内原生动物生物。在显微镜检查的5只鹤中，有4只的肠道切片中发现了球虫的有性和无性阶段，在4只鸟中的3只的粪便漂浮标本中发现了艾美耳球虫卵囊。
