Leipzig B, Obert P
J Fam Pract. 1979 Dec;9(6):1085-93.
The salivary glands are seldom noticed by the physician when they are functioning properly, but they cause vexing problems in diagnosis and management during times of their disordered function. One reason for this is that numerous salivary diseases have similar onsets and patterns of symptomatology. Another reason is that the clinical expression of these diseases is often similar, including pain, diffuse swelling, and altered salivary discharge. This paper enumerates useful points of differentiation which may be elicited from the history and physical examination to distinguish among parotid diseases. If management is to be successful, it must be based on (1) identification of the etiology of the pathologic process, and (2) the institution of therapeutic measures designed to eliminate the etiology of the disease, and restore, as closely as possible, the normal physiology of the gland.
唾液腺功能正常时很少引起医生的注意，但在其功能紊乱时会在诊断和治疗方面引发棘手的问题。原因之一是许多唾液腺疾病具有相似的起病情况和症状表现模式。另一个原因是这些疾病的临床表现往往相似，包括疼痛、弥漫性肿胀以及唾液分泌改变。本文列举了可从病史和体格检查中得出的有助于鉴别腮腺疾病的要点。若要成功进行治疗，必须基于：（1）确定病理过程的病因，以及（2）采取旨在消除疾病病因并尽可能恢复腺体正常生理功能的治疗措施。
