Noël P, Faucon M, Leftheriotis E, Fontanière B, Bailly C, Carcagne C, Groleas M, Rezvoy M
Ann Anat Pathol (Paris). 1979;24(2):125-35.
The culture of human cutaneous malignant melanomas is an important stage in the preparation of oncolysates for therapeutic purposes. The authors recall the definition of oncolysate: lysis of the malignant melanocyte by vaccinia virus liberates masked antigens which when reinjected into the patient accelerate or restimulate the production of antibodies. Culture is used to increase the number of malignant melanocytes, i. e. antigenic material, which is an essential precaution in tumours of small size. Production of oncolysate requires the exclusive use of the malignant melanocyte, i. e. the importance of morphological identification during the "in vitro" phase. The optical criteria defined by Fedoroff are inadequate and a source of error. Ultrastructural studies render this identification more valid, insofar as the normal and pathological markers which are the melanosomes are better known. Ultrastructural studies may be used to differentiate the malignant melanocyte from the ordinary macrophage in media which are black, and light cultures to distinguish fibroblastic growth, with no antigenic value, from the malignant melanocyte without pigment (achromic), recognisable by its premelanosome.
人皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的培养是制备用于治疗目的的肿瘤溶解产物的重要阶段。作者回顾了肿瘤溶解产物的定义：痘苗病毒对恶性黑素细胞的裂解会释放出隐蔽抗原，当将这些抗原重新注入患者体内时，会加速或重新刺激抗体的产生。培养用于增加恶性黑素细胞的数量，即抗原物质的数量，这对于小尺寸肿瘤来说是一项必不可少的预防措施。肿瘤溶解产物的生产需要专门使用恶性黑素细胞，即在“体外”阶段进行形态学鉴定的重要性。费多罗夫定义的光学标准并不充分，且是误差来源。超微结构研究使这种鉴定更具有效性，因为作为黑素小体的正常和病理标记物更为人所知。超微结构研究可用于在黑色培养基中区分恶性黑素细胞与普通巨噬细胞，以及在浅色培养物中区分无抗原价值的成纤维细胞生长与无色素（无色）的恶性黑素细胞，后者可通过其前黑素小体识别。
