Tramezzani J H, Morita E, Chiocchio S R
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Jan;68(1):52-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.1.52.
The carotid body is generally regarded solely as a chemoreceptor. This paper presents evidence that the carotid body is also an endocrine gland, secreting one or more erythropoiesis-controlling hormones. Its removal is followed by anemia and by a lack of reticulocyte response to daily bleeding. The removal of both carotid bodies results in a reduction of the high reticulocyte count induced by daily bleeding (5-40% of erythrocytes) down to 0.1% of erythrocytes. The injection of an extract of the carotid body causes reticulocytosis within 5 hr. This reticulocytosis attains its peak 48-72 hr after injection. Daily bleeding for 15 days produces an increase in weight of the carotid body and ultrastructural alterations that indicate increased protein synthesis in the main cells. The injection of plasma from efferent blood from the carotid body into either normal cats or cats from which both carotid bodies have been removed is followed within 6 hr by the appearance of large numbers of reticulocytes and macroreticulocytes in peripheral blood. Carotid body extracts and efferent blood plasma exhibited erythropoietin activity, which was demonstrated in the polycythemic rat by the (59)Fe incorporation method.
颈动脉体通常仅被视为一种化学感受器。本文提供的证据表明，颈动脉体也是一种内分泌腺，能分泌一种或多种控制红细胞生成的激素。切除颈动脉体后会出现贫血，且对每日放血缺乏网织红细胞反应。切除双侧颈动脉体会使每日放血诱导的高网织红细胞计数（占红细胞的5%-40%）降至占红细胞的0.1%。注射颈动脉体提取物会在5小时内引起网织红细胞增多。这种网织红细胞增多在注射后48-72小时达到峰值。连续15天每日放血会使颈动脉体重量增加，并出现超微结构改变，这表明主细胞中的蛋白质合成增加。将来自颈动脉体传出血液的血浆注射到正常猫或双侧颈动脉体已被切除的猫体内，6小时内外周血中会出现大量网织红细胞和大网织红细胞。颈动脉体提取物和传出血液血浆表现出促红细胞生成素活性，这在多血质大鼠中通过（59）Fe掺入法得到证实。
