Fernandez M
J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1979 Oct;53:305-14.
At the gastrula stage, deep irregular furrows appear on the animal hemisphere in embryos arising from ac/ac females and characterize a maternal effect (Beetschen, 1970). Disturbed morphogenetic movements (epiboly and invagination) frequently elicit exogastrulation or anomalies of later embryonic development. Pricking the animal hemisphere of the uncleaved egg with a micropipette prevents the occurrence of anomalies during gastrulation and neurulation in many embryos. Injection of normal oocyte nuclear sap or of normal egg cytoplasm into mutant female eggs does not improve that result. The partial correction of the maternal effect therefore appears to be consecutive to the injury of the cortical cytoplasm and/or the plasma membrane. Assuming that activation could be deficient, an electric shock was applied to freshly laid fertilized mutant eggs. It did not correct ectodermal anomalies but nevertheless seemed to increase the corrective effect of pricking when both treatments were applied.
在原肠胚阶段，源自ac/ac雌性个体的胚胎中，动物半球会出现深深的不规则沟纹，这是一种母体效应的特征（贝奇申，1970年）。形态发生运动（外包和内陷）受到干扰常常会引发外胚层发育异常或后期胚胎发育异常。用微量移液器刺破未受精卵的动物半球可防止许多胚胎在原肠胚形成和神经胚形成过程中出现异常。将正常卵母细胞核液或正常卵细胞质注入突变雌性卵中并不能改善这一结果。因此，母体效应的部分纠正似乎是由于皮质细胞质和/或质膜受到损伤所致。假设激活可能不足，对刚产下的受精突变卵施加电击。它并没有纠正外胚层异常，但当两种处理方法都应用时，似乎增加了刺破的纠正效果。
