Superior vena cava to right pulmonary artery anastomosis. Results in 46 infants and children.

Superior vena cava to right pulmonary artery anastomoses have been constructed in 46 infants and children with cyanotic congenital heart disease associated with low pulmonary blood flow and low pulmonary vascular resistance. All children had lesions not currently amenable to corrective operative procedures. Good or excellent results, albeit with persistent mild to moderate cyanosis, followed operation in 31 children and have been maintained for up to eight years. There were 15 hospital and two late deaths. Although there has been a significant absence of late complications, it is probable that the caval anastomosis results in a fixed level of pulmonary blood flow and thus fixed effort tolerance. Thus, when puberty with its demands for increased physical activity occurs, these patients may require further surgery, such as a systemic to pulmonary artery anastomosis to increase pulmonary blood flow.