Renal reflux, scarring, cystometrography and tissue types.

Four families with a variety of renal tract abnormalities including reflux, cortical scars, atrophy and duplex systems are described. Cystometrograms in eight with reflux and scars did not show any evidence of outflow high pressure systems. Tissue typing was carried out in a proportion of affected and unaffected family members, and with the addition of another reported family that had been tissue typed, showed an increase in A9, B8 and homozygosity in the families with these abnormalities. A retrospective survey of transplanted patients with tissue type A9 showed a higher prevalence of pyelonephritis and associated abnormalities than other diseases leading to end stage renal failure.