Love L, Churchill R, Reynes C, Schuster G A, Moncada R, Berkow A
Urol Radiol. 1979;1(1):3-10. doi: 10.1007/BF02926593.
The ability of fast thire-and fourth-generation scanning devices to supply images of sufficient quality to delineate the kidney, its vascular supply, and surrounding fascial envelope has provided a modality which permits preoperative staging of tumors of the kidney with an accuracy of about 90% in limited series of 20 specimen cases. The unreliability of bolus injection to evaluate tumor extension to the renal vein accounted for two errors.
快速的第三代和第四代扫描设备能够提供质量足以清晰显示肾脏、其血管供应以及周围筋膜包膜的图像，这提供了一种方法，在20例标本的有限系列中，术前对肾肿瘤进行分期的准确率约为90%。团注注射评估肿瘤向肾静脉扩展的不可靠性导致了两个错误。
