Vainchenker W, Guichard J, Breton-Gorius J
Blood Cells. 1979 Mar 23;5(1):25-42.
Megakaryocyte colonies can be grown in culture from human blood cells and fetal liver cells in plasma clot containing erythropoietin. Megakaryocyte progenitors were found in a fraction of mononuclear cells isolated by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation from adult, neonatal, and fetal blood. Megakaryocytes were identified by their morphology and particularly by their polylobulated nucleus when examined by light microscopy. The megakaryocytic nature of large cells was clearly confirmed by the presence of platelet peroxidase, demarcation membranes, and alpha-granules detected by electron microscopy; in addition mature small megakaryocytes were recognized. Megakaryocyte colonies were seen after 9 days of culture and consisted of 2 to 20 cells. The colonies were pure or mixed with the burst erythroblasts. The mixed colonies were numerous in fetal and neonatal cultures, while pure megakaryocyte colonies were seen three times more frequently in those from adult blood. The total number of colonies was also much lower in adult cultures. In colonies derived from neonatal and fetal cells, megakaryocytes often reached a more complete maturation than in those from the adults, proceeding as far as platelet shedding. This study demonstrates for the first time that a megakaryocyte committed cell present in human blood can develop megakaryocyte colonies in culture.
巨核细胞集落可以在含有促红细胞生成素的血浆凝块中，由人血细胞和胎儿肝细胞培养生长。在通过Ficoll密度梯度离心从成人、新生儿和胎儿血液中分离出的一部分单核细胞中发现了巨核细胞祖细胞。通过光学显微镜检查时，巨核细胞通过其形态，特别是其多叶核来识别。通过电子显微镜检测到的血小板过氧化物酶、分界膜和α颗粒的存在，清楚地证实了大细胞的巨核细胞性质；此外，还识别出了成熟的小巨核细胞。培养9天后可见巨核细胞集落，由2至20个细胞组成。集落是纯的或与爆式红细胞混合的。混合集落在胎儿和新生儿培养物中很多，而纯巨核细胞集落在成人血液来源的培养物中出现的频率要高三倍。成人培养物中集落的总数也低得多。在源自新生儿和胎儿细胞的集落中，巨核细胞通常比成人的集落成熟得更完全，甚至会进行到血小板脱落。这项研究首次证明，人血液中存在的巨核细胞定向细胞可以在培养中形成巨核细胞集落。
